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eCAM Advance Access published online on January 28, 2008
eCAM, doi:10.1093/ecam/nen005
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© 2008 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Philosophy, Psychology, Physics and Practice of Ki

S. Tsuyoshi Ohnishi1 and Tomoko Ohnishi2

1Philadelphia Biomedical Research Institute, King of Prussia, PA 19406 and 2Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

Ki (in Japanese) or Qi (in Chinese) is the key concept in Eastern medicine, Eastern philosophy, as well as in martial arts. We explain the philosophical and psychological background of Ki. We emphasize that the unique aspects of Eastern philosophy are ‘non-linearity’ and ‘holistic’ approach. We then present physics aspect of Ki. Our experiments demonstrated that a ‘Ki-beam’ carries ‘entropy’ (or information), which is different from ‘energy’. We introduce our experience of having taught Ki to 37 beginners in the United States through the Nishino Breathing Method. If beginners had martial arts training or a strong background in music or dance, about half of them could sense Ki within 10 weeks (1 h class per week) of practice.

Keywords: collective unconsciousness – Eastern medicine – Ki energy – Ki entropy – martial arts – Nishino Breathing Method – Qi – Ki information – Taiki practice – Toh-ate technique

For reprints and all correspondence: S. Tsuyoshi Ohnishi, Philadelphia Biomedical Research Institute, Suite 250, 100 Ross Road, King of Prussia, PA 19406-0227. Tel: +1-610-688-6276; Fax: +1-610-254-9332; E-mail: stohnishi{at}aol.com

Received December 6, 2007; accepted December 11, 2007


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