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eCAM Advance Access published online on January 7, 2008
eCAM, doi:10.1093/ecam/nem179
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© 2007 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Body Acupuncture for Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial

Min-Kyung Hyun1, Myeong Soo Lee2,3, Kyungwon Kang1 and Sun-Mi Choi1

1Department of Medical Research, Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon and 2Center for Integrative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea

This study evaluated whether improvements in nicotine withdrawal symptoms (NWS), depression and anxiety are greater for body acupuncture than for sham acupuncture. Smoking volunteers from the public were randomized to receive six sessions of either real or sham acupuncture for 2 weeks. The primary outcome measure was NWS measured by the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Score, and the secondary measures were scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Eighty volunteers were randomized into real acupuncture (n = 38) and sham acupuncture (n = 42) groups, of which 46 subjects (22 and 24 in the real and sham acupuncture groups, respectively) completed the treatment and the 2-week follow-up. An intention-to-treat analysis revealed that the NWS did not differ significantly between the real and sham acupuncture groups immediately after the treatment (12.2 ± 9.7 and 12.8 ± 7.7, respectively; mean ± SD) and at the 2-week follow-up (11.7 ± 10.2 and 12.6 ± 7.8). Both groups also showed similar improvements in BDI and BAI scores. These results indicate that the real acupuncture treatment tested in this trial was no more effective than sham acupuncture at reducing NWS, depression and anxiety for smoking cessation.

Keywords: acupuncture – nicotine withdrawal symptoms – smoking cessation – anxiety

For reprints and all correspondence: Sun-Mi Choi, OMD, PhD, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expoway, Jeonmin-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-811, South Korea. Tel: -82-42-868-9485; Fax: -82-42-863-9464; E-mail: smchoi{at}kiom.re.kr

3Present address: Complementary Medicine, Peninsula Medical School, Universities Exeter & Plymouth, UK

Received July 19, 2007; accepted November 5, 2007


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