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eCAM Advance Access published online on June 11, 2007
eCAM, doi:10.1093/ecam/nem058
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© 2007 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Brazilian Propolis: Correlation Between Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity

Kelly Salomão1, Paulo Roberto S. Pereira1, Leila C. Campos2, Cintia M. Borba3, Pedro H. Cabello4, Maria Cristina Marcucci5 and Solange L. de Castro1

1Departamento de Ultra-estrutura e Biologia Celular, 2Departamento de Bacteriologia, 3Departamento de Micologia, 4Departamento de Genética, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro and 5Pós-graduação em Farmácia, Núcleo de Pós-graduação, Pesquisa e Extensão, Universidade Bandeirante de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

The chemical composition of ethanol extracts from samples of Brazilian propolis (EEPs) determined by HPLC and their activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebisiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans, Sporothrix schenckii and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis were determined. Based on the predominant botanical origin in the region of samples' collection, the 10 extracts were separated into three groups: A (B. dracunculifolia + Auraucaria spp), B (B. dracunculifolia) and C (Araucaria spp). Analysis by the multiple regression of all the extracts together showed a positive correlation, higher concentrations leading to higher biological effect, of S. aureus with p-coumaric acid (PCUM) and 3-(4-hydroxy-3-(oxo-butenyl)-phenylacrylic acid (DHCA1) and of trypomastigotes of T. cruzi with 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxycinnamic acid derivative 4 (DHCA4) and 2,2-dimethyl-6-carboxyethenyl-2H-1-benzopyran (DCBEN). When the same approach was employed for each group, due to the small number of observations, the statistical test gave unreliable results. However, an overall analysis revealed for group A an association of S. aureus with caffeic acid (CAF) and dicaffeoylquinic acid 3 (CAFQ3), of S. pneumoniae with CAFQ3 and monocaffeoylquinic acid 2 (CAFQ2) and of T. cruzi also with CAFQ3. For group B, a higher activity against S. pneumoniae was associated DCBEN and for T. cruzi with CAF. For group C no association was observed between the anitmicrobial effect and any component of the extracts. The present study reinforces the relevance of PCUM and derivatives, especially prenylated ones and also of caffeolyquinic acids, on the biological activity of Brazilian propolis.

Keywords: bactericidal activity – chemical composition – fungicidal activity – propolis – statistical analysis – Trypanosoma cruzi

For reprints and all correspondence: Dr Solange L. de Castro, Departamento de Ultra-estrutura e Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Te.: +55 21 25984330; Fax: +55 21 22604434; E-mail: solange{at}ioc.fiocruz.br

Received October 24, 2006; accepted April 12, 2007


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