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eCAM Advance Access published online on July 5, 2005
eCAM, doi:10.1093/ecam/neh099
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© The Author (2005). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
Received November 29, 2004
Accepted June 12, 2005

Original Article

Alcoholic Stem Extract of Coscinium fenestratum Regulates Carbohydrate Metabolism and Improves Antioxidant Status in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Rats

I. S. R. Punitha 1, K. Rajendran 1, Arun Shirwaikar 2, and Annie Shirwaikar 1*

1 Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal 576104, India
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal 576104, India

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Annie Shirwaikar, E-mail: annieshirwaikar{at}yahoo.com


  Abstract

The alcoholic extract of the stems of Coscinium fenestratum, a medicinal plant indigenous to India and Sri Lanka used in ayurveda and siddha medicine for the treatment of diabetes, was studied for its carbohydrate metabolism effect and antioxidant status in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. Oral administration of C. fenestratum stem extract in graded doses caused a significant increase in enzymatic antioxidants such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione synthetase, peroxidase, and glutathione peroxidase and in the nonenzymatic antioxidants ascorbic acid, ceruloplasmin and tocopherol. Studies on the effect of the alcoholic extract on glycolytic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and hexokinase showed a significant increase in their levels, whereas a significant decrease was observed in the levels of the gluconeogenic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase in treated diabetic rats. Serum creatinine and urea levels also declined significantly. This investigation further demonstrates the significant antidiabetic activity of C. fenestratum.

Keywords: carbohydrate metabolism; Coscinium fenestratum; enzymatic antioxidants; nonenzymatic antioxidants; streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetes.
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