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eCAM Advance Access published online on August 20, 2009
eCAM, doi:10.1093/ecam/nep123
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© 2009 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Mutagenic Activity of Indigofera truxillensis and I. suffruticosa Aerial Parts

Tamara Regina Calvo1,*, Cássia Regina Primila Cardoso2,*, Adriana Candido da Silva Moura1, Lourdes Campaner dos Santos1, Ilce Mara Syllos Colus3, Wagner Vilegas1 and Eliana Aparecida Varanda2

1Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química de Araraquara, UNESP – São Paulo State University, c.p. 355, CEP 14800-900, 2Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, UNESP – São Paulo State University, CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, SP and 3Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center, UEL – Londrina State University, C.P. 6001, CEP 86051-990, Londrina, PR, Brazil

Indigofera truxillensis and I. suffruticosa, are used as a source of indigo dye and to treat several diseases. The mutagenic activity of the methanolic extracts from aerial parts, glycerolipid, flavonoid and alkaloid fractions of the extract were evaluated by means of Salmonella/microsome assays using TA100, TA98, TA102 and TA97a strains. The methanolic extract of I. truxillensis showed mutagenic activity in the TA98 strain without S9 while glycerolipid fraction was devoid of activity. The flavonoid and alkaloid fractions of both plants showed mutagenicity. Chemical analysis of flavonoid fractions of I. truxillensis and I. suffruticosa resulted in the identification of kaempferol, quercetin and their derivatives. The alkaloid fraction of both the species contained indigo and indirubin and indigo was found mainly responsible for the mutagenic activity.

Keywords: alkaloid – flavonoid – indigo – indirubin – mutagenicity

For reprints and all correspondence: Eliana Aparecida Varanda, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara-UNESP, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú Km 1, s/n. CEP 14801-902, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. Tel: +55-016-3301-6951; Fax: +55-016-3301-6940; E-mail: varandae{at}fcfar.unesp.br

*These authors contributed equally to this work.

Received February 18, 2009; accepted July 30, 2009


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