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eCAM Advance Access published online on April 23, 2009
eCAM, doi:10.1093/ecam/nep033
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© 2009 The Author(s).
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Antidiabetic Properties of Azardiracta indica and Bougainvillea spectabilis: In Vivo Studies in Murine Diabetes Model

Menakshi Bhat1, Sandeepkumar K. Kothiwale1, Amruta R. Tirmale1, Shobha Y. Bhargava2 and Bimba N. Joshi1

1Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology and 2Department of Zoology, University of Pune, Pune, India

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by an increase in the blood glucose level. Treatment of diabetes is complicated due to multifactorial nature of the disease. Azadirachta indica Adr. Juss and Bougainvillea spectabilis are reported to have medicinal values including antidiabetic properties. In the present study using in vivo diabetic murine model, A. indica and B. spectabilis chloroform, methanolic and aqueous extracts were investigated for the biochemical parameters important for controlling diabetes. It was found that A. indica chloroform extract and B. spectabilis aqueous, methanolic extracts showed a good oral glucose tolerance and significantly reduced the intestinal glucosidase activity. Interestingly, A. indica chloroform and B. spectabilis aqueous extracts showed significant increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and hepatic, skeletal muscle glycogen content after 21 days of treatment. In immunohistochemical analysis, we observed a regeneration of insulin-producing cells and corresponding increase in the plasma insulin and c-peptide levels with the treatment of A. indica chloroform and B. spectabilis aqueous, methanolic extracts. Analyzing the results, it is clear that A. indica chloroform and B. spectabilis aqueous extracts are good candidates for developing new neutraceuticals treatment for diabetes.

Keywords: Azadirachta indica – Bougainvillea spectabilis – c-peptide – fasting glucose level – glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase – glucosidase activity – hepatic and skeletal glycogen stores – immunohistochemistry – pancreas – plasma insulin

For reprints and all correspondence: Bimba N. Joshi, Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India. Tel: +91-20-25690442; Fax: +91-20-25690087; E-mail: bimba{at}unipune.ernet.in

Received November 18, 2008; accepted March 25, 2009


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